Post University Criminal Justice Lower Class Individuals Overrepresentation Discussion
I’m trying to study for my Criminal Justice course and I need some help to understand this question.
Discuss why lower class individuals are overrepresented among offenders and victims. Also discuss the relationship between race and class and why does the prison population look so different from the general population? Please support your opinions and statements.
Bethesda University of California Rogerian Argument on School Uniforms Essay
Description
ASSIGNMENT: a Rogerian argument is one that presents two sides of a debate and argues for a solution that will satisfy both sides. Given two articles presenting opposing sides of an issue (mandatory uniforms in schools), construct your own 2-3 page Rogerian argument essay in which you attempt to arrive at a workable solution or “middle ground.” – I have attached the source
Rogerian argument is one that presents two sides of a debate and argues for a solution that will satisfy both sides. Given two articles presenting opposing sides of an issue (mandatory uniforms in schools), construct your own 2-3 page Rogerian argument essay in which you attempt to arrive at a workable solution or “middle ground.” – I have attached the source for this assignment
A. Assignment Guidelines
1. Summary of Positions
? Have you briefly introduced the author and publication context (year, journal, etc.) of Article 1?
? Have you included a summary of the stance presented in Article 1?
? Have you briefly introduced the author and publication context (year, journal, etc.) of Article 2?
? Have you included a summary of the stance presented Article 2?
2. Thesis/Claim
? Does you claim address both sides of the issue, including specific points raised in the articles?
? Does your claim present a clear, workable solution that could be viewed as a “middle ground” between the two sides?
3. Analysis
? Have you backed up your claim using facts from both sides of the argument?
? When using direct quotations, have you supplemented them with your own explanation of their relevance?
4. Reflection
? Have you answered all reflection questions thoughtfully and included insights, observations, and/or examples in all responses?
? Are your answers included on a separate page below the main assignment?
B. Reflection
DIRECTIONS: Below your assignment, include answers to all of the following reflection questions.
How does the Rogerian model of argument help you better understand the topic that’s being discussed? Why is it a good practice to acknowledge both sides of the argument? (3-4 sentences)
Will you use the Rogerian Approach in your own argumentative essay? Why or why not?
CPSS 330 University of Phoenix Essentials of Communication in Corrections Presentation
I need support with this Criminal Justice question so I can learn better.
Review the sample report from the Arizona Department of Corrections website by clicking on the most recent month and year.
Research the Department of Corrections in your state, or another state of your choice. Do not use Arizona unless you currently reside there.
Review the most recent report from this department.
Analyze the report to determine the types of inmates and offenders in the correctional system in your state.
Create an 8- to 10-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation discussing your results from the analysis. Include the following:
CRJ 2513 UTSA Rehabilitation & Social Behavior Experiments in Prison Article Report
The world of corrections is changing every day. These changes greatly affect our daily lives and the future of the criminal justice system. It is critical that we be aware of these events at both the local and national level. You are responsible for completing two (2) current events papers in this course (25 points each). The article you choose must be related to the correctional system (prisons, jails, probation, rehabilitation, etc.) in some way. Further, the article you choose must have been published within the last 3 years. You may choose your article from a number of sources. They may come from newspapers (e.g., Wall Street Journal, USA Today, San Antonio Express, etc.), weekly news magazines (e.g., Time), or professional news sources located on the internet (e.g., Correctionsone.com). Be sure that the article is long enough so that you can provide a proper summary and critical evaluation. Please upload your assignment to BlackBoard on the due dates listed in the syllabus.
This paper is to be at least 2 pages typed (no creative margins; no extra space between paragraphs), double-spaced, 1-inch margins, Times New Roman, 12 pt. font. You will want to aim for roughly 2.5-3 pages. You may go over the suggested page limit—you will mainly be graded on the level of thought and effort you put into this.
This is not a critique of whether the article is good or bad. This assignment should include a well thought opinion of the issue presented and one that asks you to explore your attitudes thoughts/beliefs on the many topics in corrections. Your thoughts should be well-developed and should consider current information, personal views, and evidence presented in class. Although the nature of the paper is seemingly informal, it is not a “complete it and get full credit” type paper. You will need to support your opinions and ideas with evidence! Be sure to give yourself adequate time to think, write, and review what you have done.
For the article you choose, you should develop your assignment in the following format:
Article Title: Provide the title and link at the top of your page.
Summary: Write a summary of the article in your own words. Please do not copy verbatim from the article. Doing so will result in a grade of “0.” Only one quote may be used in your summary.
Significance: Discuss why you chose the article and how it is important to society and the correctional system. Think about who this event impacts and how. Explain why it is significant and provide your opinion about the topic.
Solution: Does the article present a problem? Describe the problem and the possible solution(s) can you think of. This is critical. It is one thing to identify problems, and a whole other thing to devise effective solutions to those problems.
Three Questions: Write three relevant questions about the article (these are questions you would like answered, questions that you could ask students in the class, or questions that you believe are relevant moving forward). The three questions do not count toward the 2-page minimum.
CRJS 3002 Walden University Objectivity in the Judicial System Questions
Jawando, M. L., & Anderson, A. (2016, September 15). Racial and gender diversity sorely lacking in America’s courts. Center for American Progress. Retrieved from https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/courts/new…
Cassidy, R. M. (2015). Viewpoint: Promoting diversity in the criminal justice system. Boston Bar Journal, 59(2).
By Day 3
Post a response to the following questions:
What characteristics define objectivity in the judicial system?
What obstacles stand in the way of true objectivity and what characteristics ensure it?
How does objectivity in the judicial system contribute to social change?
By Day 5
Respond to two colleagues:
Choose a response that is different from your own.
Explain how your colleague’s position has changed your perception or understanding.
CRJS 3002 Walden University Objectivity and the Reality of a Diverse Society Discussion
Write a 300-word journal response to the following prompts:
LBCC Juvenile Justice Problems Overcrowding and Psychological Issues Discussion
Hi Criminal Justice Group! The topic area at the heart of your draft is a really interesting one. I have a couple of recommendations: 1) be choosey with how you pick a client…so, who has the authority to DO something about juvenile detention in LA county? is it the head of the Probation Department….someone else? What entity can make new policies (and, who is in charge of the current status quo policies)? 2) depending on your answer to 1, you’ll want to then use our class readings to diagram the underlying problem. You’ve got a lot of moving pieces: mental health, overcrowding, long-term impacts on individuals, use of force, etc. Some of these are focused on the system (overcrowding, lack of health/mental health care services), others on the workers (use of force), and others on the folks in detention (individual-level outcomes of health, safety, and then the longer term issues). Those pieces can still be in your diagram, but if you’ve chosen a client with a particular jurisdiction, that will help you carefully narrow your lens to that area. One possibility is to use the Thissen reading (the one with the airport diagram) to carefully lay this out.
incarcerated environment. Untreated mental health issues can result in higher rates of recidivism and cause avertible suffering for LA county youth. In order to better serve Los Angeles youth, and to reduce recidivism, an alternative model of juvenile justice should be adopted – one that focuses on meeting their mental health needs through community-based Problem: Los Angeles County Juvenile DetentionThe Los Angeles County Probation Department states its “Commitment to providing service excellence to achieve positive outcomes for healthy families and communities.” However, it falls short of this commitment with its treatment of youth who come into contact with the juvenile justice system. Los Angeles County currently has two juvenile detention centers that, in the first 6 months of 2021, had an average daily population of 269 young people combined, meaning that on any given day hundreds of youth are subject to harsh conditions of confinement, including staff use of force (averaging 89 incidents per month). Detaining youth is a harmful approach to addressing some of the mental and behavioral health issues that may be the root causes for their participation in crime. Despite nationwide efforts to decrease populations in juvenile detention facilities, there are still reports of harmful conditions and youth mistreatment as well as significant racial disparities in detained populations in Los Angeles County. Authorities have not sufficiently considered the long-term effects of detention on youth and subsequently have not invested enough in alternative interventions. The Covid-19 pandemic exacerbated vulnerabilities that put youth at risk of committing delinquency. As such, there is an even greater need in coming months for support and care-based interventions, rather than punitive measures. Furthermore, nine out of ten youth involved in the juvenile justice system in Los Angeles have open mental health cases. Many of them suffer from untreated mental health issues resulting in aggressive and antisocial behavior, which is only further exacerbated in an support.
The Los Angeles County Probation Department states its “Commitment to providing service excellence to achieve positive outcomes for healthy families and communities.” However, it falls short of this commitment with its treatment of youth who come into contact with the juvenile justice system. Los Angeles County currently has two juvenile detention centers that, in the first 6 months of 2021, had an average daily population of 269 young people combined, meaning on any given day hundreds of youth are subject to harsh conditions of confinement, including staff use of force (averaging 89 incidents per month).
Detaining youth is a harmful approach to addressing some of the mental and behavioral health issues that may be the root causes for their participation in criminal behavior. Despite nationwide efforts to decrease populations in juvenile detention facilities, there are still reports of harmful conditions and youth mistreatment as well as significant racial disparities in detained populations in Los Angeles County. Authorities have not sufficiently considered the long-term effects of detention on youth and subsequently have not invested enough in alternative interventions. The Covid-19 pandemic exacerbated vulnerabilities that put youth at risk of committing delinquency. As such, there is an even greater need in coming months for support and care-based interventions, rather than punitive measures.
Furthermore, nine out of ten youth involved in the juvenile justice system in Los Angeles have open mental health cases. Many of them suffer from untreated mental health issues resulting in aggressive and antisocial behavior, which is only further exacerbated in an incarcerated environment. Untreated mental health issues can result in higher rates of recidivism and cause avertible suffering for LA county youth. In order to better serve Los Angeles youth, and to reduce recidivism, an alternative model of juvenile justice should be adopted – one that focuses on meeting their mental health needs through community based support. Evidence-based practices and policies as a way of assuring that our best efforts are leading to desired outcomes.Resources (2019):Recidivism Report for Youth Released from the Division of Juvenile Justicehttps://dcfs.lacounty.gov/youth/juvenile-justice/Youth Justice Reimagined Report https://www.sentencingproject.org/issues/juvenile-…
Problem Definition:Probation oversight commission District attorneyDept of corrections NonprofitTopic: Juvenile JusticeBefore the systemWhat laws are in place that allow youth to enter the system?Community resourcesLaw enforcement in schoolsDuringAge limitsSentencing and pretrial reformPretrial practices are unfairSentencing varies racially-no data in sentencing reports. Conditions of confinementHow does the system treat youth?After https://dcfs.lacounty.gov/youth/juvenile-justice/What barriers do youth with criminal records face?What opportunities do they have? Policies to prevent recidivism ? Is this a problem or a condition OR is it just a symptom?Sentencing and pretrial conditions for LA county youth (18 and under) is too harsh leads to high rates of recidivism and overpopulated prisonsHarsh sentencing of youth is causing higher rates of suicide, poverty, mental ilness, preventing moving out of the system, causing anti-social behavior. Draft: BIPOC youth in Los Angeles County have been over policed and criminalized by law enforcement and the legal system.The lack of community based services and aEvidence-based practices and policies as a way of assuring that our best efforts are leading to desired outcomes.Resources (2019):Recidivism Report for Youth Released from the Division of Juvenile Justicehttps://dcfs.lacounty.gov/youth/juvenile-justice/Youth Justice Reimagined Report https://www.sentencingproject.org/issues/juvenile-…
Problem Definition:Probation oversight commission District attorneyDept of corrections NonprofitTopic: Juvenile JusticeBefore the systemWhat laws are in place that allow youth to enter the system?Community resourcesLaw enforcement in schoolsDuringAge limitsSentencing and pretrial reformPretrial practices are unfairSentencing varies racially-no data in sentencing reports. Conditions of confinementHow does the system treat youth?After https://dcfs.lacounty.gov/youth/juvenile-justice/What barriers do youth with criminal records face?What opportunities do they have? Policies to prevent recidivism ? Is this a problem or a condition OR is it just a symptom?Sentencing and pretrial conditions for LA county youth (18 and under) is too harsh leads to high rates of recidivism and overpopulated prisonsHarsh sentencing of youth is causing higher rates of suicide, poverty, mental ilness, preventing moving out of the system, causing anti-social behavior. Draft: BIPOC youth in Los Angeles County have been over policed and criminalized by law enforcement and the legal system.The lack of community based services and a
Evidence-based practices and policies as a way of assuring that our best efforts are leading to desired outcomes.Resources (2019):Recidivism Report for Youth Released from the Division of Juvenile Justicehttps://dcfs.lacounty.gov/youth/juvenile-justice/Youth Justice Reimagined Report https://www.sentencingproject.org/issues/juvenile-…
Problem Definition:Probation oversight commission District attorneyDept of corrections NonprofitTopic: Juvenile JusticeBefore the systemWhat laws are in place that allow youth to enter the system?Community resourcesLaw enforcement in schoolsDuringAge limitsSentencing and pretrial reformPretrial practices are unfairSentencing varies racially-no data in sentencing reports. Conditions of confinementHow does the system treat youth?After https://dcfs.lacounty.gov/youth/juvenile-justice/What barriers do youth with criminal records face?What opportunities do they have? Policies to prevent recidivism ? Is this a problem or a condition OR is it just a symptom?Sentencing and pretrial conditions for LA county youth (18 and under) is too harsh leads to high rates of recidivism and overpopulated prisonsHarsh sentencing of youth is causing higher rates of suicide, poverty, mental ilness, preventing moving out of the system, causing anti-social behavior. Draft: BIPOC youth in Los Angeles County have been over policed and criminalized by law enforcement and the legal system.The lack of community based services and ahistorical prioritization of building tools of mass incarceration has led to the over criminalization of young people.There needs to be more investment in criminal justice reform services or for criminal justice involved people. Show the population that needs servicesData on effectivenessLack of funding. Investment in criminal justice organizations. What the system is like now and what it could be like with increased funding. ? Is there a deficit or an excess (a’la Bardach?…this only works for some types of problems) or at least some type of quantity involved?Too many youth interacting with the systemNot enough resources to avoid the systemBarriers to reentering society in a meaningful wayToo many issues resulting from interaction with the system. ? Is this a public problem or a private problem? Does it warrant a public solution?? Do enough of the public care about this problem?? Does the problem NOT imply a specific solution? ? Are there alternative ways to mitigate the problem?? Is there a client who has control over the instruments need to do such mitigation?? Is the problem small enough to analyze in a semester?? Is it large enough to be relevant and interesting?? Is there a reason/prompt to do the analysis (i.e., some critical or focusing event)?There are too many youth in the system. Methods we currently have is insufficient for the needs of the population Outside orgs diversify options for youth who would otherwise be incarceratedReform policies and practices around sentencing and pretrial practice Community orgs serving at-risk youth.How much money gov currently givesHow much money orgs needHow effective orgs are
Over Policing of youth populations is causing high rates of incarceration.
Probation Oversight Commission > Home
Northern Arizona University Treatment Technologies Juvenile Justice Discussion
If you were superintendent of a training school, which treatment methods would you use? Why?
CJUS 630 Liberty University Police Ethics Discussions Replies
Please respond to the following discussion replies with 250 words EACH, 1 biblical viewpoint with scripture reference EACH and 1 citation EACH.
this is the original discussion post, (this does not have to replied to) Topic: Ethics
One communication technique that is seldom included in a police training program, but one that is often employed, is for an officer to simply lie to achieve a desired goal. For example, consider the officer who tells a potential combative suspect that he needs to place him in handcuffs only temporarily while completing some necessary paperwork, and that he will release him when he’s finished. Once the cuffs are secure however, the officer advises the suspect he is in fact under arrest. He lies to avoid a potentially dangerous situation. Another example is the officer who advises an abusive husband that his wife does not wish to file a complaint, a lie, and then attempts to get him to admit that he struck her. Of course, once he does, then the husband is placed under arrest. And finally, consider the hostage-taker who gives up after he is informed by the responding officers that the prosecuting attorney has agreed to charge him only with a minor infraction, again, a lie intended to de-escalate the crisis and effect the safe release of the hostage.
The idea of the police lying seems repulsive to some, but to others, especially the police, it is a legitimate method for containing and de-escalating a crisis at times. Is it legal? Absolutely; however, there are limitations on the extent to which the police can lie. The courts have essentially ruled that intrinsic lies, or those lies that misrepresent a person’s connection to a crime in order to gain a confession, are acceptable. For example, telling a suspect that his car was observed by a witness at the scene of the crime, even if not true, is an acceptable intrinsic lie. Extrinsic lies, or those lies that may potentially distort a person’s ability to make a rational choice about confessing to a crime, are mostly not acceptable. For example, threatening to take a mother’s children from her unless she confesses to a crime would likely render the confession inadmissible due to its coercive nature. Some of the relevant court cases on police lying are as follows:
Frazier v. Cupp, 394 U.S. 731 (1969). Holland v. McGinnis, 963 F.2d 1044, 1050-51 (7th Cir. 1992). Lynumn v. Illinois, 372 U.S. 528 (1963). Spano v. New York, 360 U.S. 315 (1959). State v. Kelekolio, 849 P.2d 58, 73 (Haw. 1993). United States v. Flemmi, 225 F.3d 78, 84 (1st Cir. 2000). United States v. Rodman, 519 F.2d 1058; 1975 U.S. App. LEXIS 13204 (1st Cir. 1975).
Discussion Questions (select one of the following questions and draft a response according to the directions outlined in the Assignments folder and Syllabus located in the Course Content section)
1. Should the police ever resort to the use of lies with vulnerable or mentally ill persons, even if legal and used for the purpose of saving lives?
2. Discuss some ways in which the use of lies by the police could potentially be misused when applied to situations involving the mentally ill or other persons in crisis.
3. Do some basic Internet research on the concept of police “entrapment,” and discuss the differences between entrapment and the legitimate use of lies by the police.
please respond to the following to classmates: 1) King- Lying to the Vulnerable or Mentally Ill
Police officers do not necessarily have a good reputation when it comes to dealing with the mentally ill. A lot of this is due to the fact that police officers are not trained to deal with the mentally ill or other vulnerable individuals, scholars say that “An unethical cultural attitude towards mental health care has caused decision-making and the exercise of police discretion to be neither well informed nor protective in many cases, resulting in the substandard treatment of people with mental health problems.” (McDaniel, 2018). The lack of training and care that is shown to the less fortunate by law enforcement is an epidemic that needs to be taken more seriously. Luckily there have been some programs established to deterrer police officers away from non-violent situations involving the vulnerable and mentally ill, such as the PERT (psychiatric emergency response teams). Researchers state that “The main purpose of the PERT is to respond to emergency calls regarding persons (of all ages) facing acute crises or acute mental illness, with suicide prevention as the main priority. The vehicle used resembles an ordinary ambulance and is equipped with a blue light and sirens, computers for mobile access to patients’ medical records and medications such as basic tranquilizers, sleep medication and antipsychotic drugs.” (Lindstrom, Sturesson & Carlborg, 2020). These teams can do the same work police officers do but less harmful to those that are in crisis situations.
The question of if lying to individuals that are vulnerable or mentally ill depends on the situation. If someone is about to hurt themselves or someone else, I believe it is acceptable to lie to de-escalate the situation. One study discusses three different methods that may be used to deter situations “In examining how police resolved such situations, we observed three core features of police work: (1) accepting temporary solutions to chronic vulnerability; (2) using local knowledge to guide decision-making; and (3) negotiating peace with complainants and call subjects. Study findings imply the need to advance field-based studies using systematic social observations of gray zone decision-making within and across distinct geographic and place-based contexts.” (Wood, Watson & Fulambarker). Police officers should not lie if lying is going to hurt the individual or others. Police officers should also be careful with what they say to less fortunate individuals because it may make the situation at hand worse than it needs to be.
References
Lindström, V., Sturesson, L., & Carlborg, A. (2020). Patients’ experiences of the caring encounter with the psychiatric emergency response team in the emergency medical service—A qualitative interview study. Health Expectations, 23(2), 442–449. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.13024
McDaniel, J. L. M. (2018). Reconciling mental health, public policing and police accountability. The Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles, 92(1), 72–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032258×18766372
Watson, A., Wood, J., & Fulambarker, A. (2017). The “Gray Zone” of Police Work During Mental Health Encounters: Findings From an Observational Study in Chicago – Jennifer D. Wood, Amy C. Watson, Anjali J. Fulambarker, 2017. SAGE Journals. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1098611116658875.
2) Pritchett- The role of a police officer is to protect and serve. If a police officer is in the situation where they are trying to save someone’s life and they have to lie to another person to do so, then, by all means, no one should be able to argue with that. Mentally ill or not, if the only way to get needed information about a crime out of someone is to lie to them because they are not willing, to tell the truth, any other way, then lying is what it will have to take. Although when lying to a mentally ill person, or even interrogating a mentally ill person for that matter, police will run into problems using their testimony, if that is what they are needing from them. If they are lying to them because they need to know where a person is to be able to hurry and find them, then that would be very beneficial and they could hurry and find this missing person. But if they are doing it to get information about a crime and hope to be able to use this information in the trial, they will more than likely run into some legal problems. According to an article called Voluntariness with a Vengeance: The Coercivenessof Police Lies in Interrogations, the things that a judge or jury look at in the subject are their age, intellectual function, maturity, mental health, and physical condition (including states like intoxication) (Hritz, 2017, p.491). Another article tells about how police can actually get away with doing this and the rules behind it, this article is called, Deceit During Interrogations: When Can Police Lie to You? (Lerner, 2018). This article states that the police cannot coerce a confession by the subject at all, if a confession is made, it has to be made completely voluntary and Miranda rights have to be given to the subject. But what the law enforcement does is use deceitful tactics that they are taught to trick the subject, to make them think they know more than they do, or make them think they know something that is completely not true but they are just guessing is how something actually happened, they can only verify it happened this way if the subject admits to it though. Many of these subjects are being eaten alive by what they are holding in and the law enforcement officers have been trained to know exactly what to say to make them snap and let it all out. “Whoever conceals his transgressions will not prosper, but he who confesses and forsakes them will obtain mercy” (Proverbs 28:13, ESV, 2016). There are certain rules behind what they can and cannot do though when lying, they cannot lie to them and tell them their confession will not get them in trouble and be used against them only to make them confess knowing that it will indeed get them in trouble and be used against them.
References
Amelia C. Hritz, Voluntariness with a Vengeance: The Coerciveness of Police Lies in Interrogations, 102CornellL.Rev. 487 (2017)Available at: http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/clr/vol102/iss2/4
Lerner, L. O. B. O. P. B. C. (2018, January 11). Deceit During Interrogations: When Can Police Lie to You? Lerner & Lerner, P.C. https://www.lernerandlerner.com/blog/2018/january/…
Proverbs 28:13 (ESV). (2016). Bible Gateway. https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Prove…
